Step 1: Understand the Different Types of Disability Benefits

Before you begin your application, it’s essential to understand the two main programs that offer disability benefits:

• Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI): If you have worked and paid Social Security taxes for a certain number of years, you may qualify for SSDI. SSDI is based on your work history.
• Supplemental Security Income (SSI): If you have limited income and resources, you may qualify for SSI. This program is need-based and does not require a work history.

SSDI is typically for individuals with a disability who have worked long enough to earn sufficient work credits, while SSI is for individuals with low income and limited resources who have a disability or are over 65 years old.

Step 2: Check If You Meet the Eligibility Requirements

Before you apply, make sure you meet the eligibility requirements for either SSDI or SSI. To qualify for SSDI, you must have worked and paid Social Security taxes for a certain number of years, while SSI requires that you have limited income and resources. Both programs require you to prove that your disability:

• Prevents you from working or engaging in substantial gainful activity (SGA)
• Has lasted, or is expected to last, at least 12 months or result in death
• Is listed in the SSA’s Listing of Impairments or is functionally equivalent to a listed impairment

Step 3: Gather the Necessary Documentation

Before starting your application, gather the following documentation:

• Medical Records: Your doctor’s notes, medical test results, hospitalization records, and any other relevant documents that show your disability.
• Work History: For SSDI, you will need to provide detailed information about your work history for the last 15 years, including the names of employers, the dates you worked, and the type of work you did.
• Income and Resources: For SSI, you will need to provide information about your income, assets, and household members.

Having this information organized before you begin will save you time during the application process.

Step 4: Apply Online, by Phone, or in Person

In Texas, you have several ways to apply for disability benefits:

• Apply Online: The easiest and fastest way to apply for SSDI or SSI is online through the Social Security Administration (SSA) website. Visit the SSA website at www.ssa.gov and follow the step-by-step instructions. Applying online is available for both SSDI and SSI.
• Apply by Phone: If you prefer, you can apply by phone by calling the SSA at 1-800-772-1213. The SSA representative will help you complete the application over the phone. If you have trouble hearing, you can call the TTY line at 1-800-325-0778.
• Apply in Person: You can also apply in person at your local Social Security office. To find the nearest office, visit the SSA’s website and use their office locator tool. Be sure to make an appointment in advance to avoid long wait times.

Step 5: Complete the Disability Application

Whether you apply online, by phone, or in person, you’ll be asked to fill out a detailed disability application. This form requires information about:

• Your medical condition and how it limits your ability to work
• Your work history (for SSDI applicants)
• Your income and resources (for SSI applicants)
• Your daily activities and how your condition affects them
• Your medical treatment history, including doctor visits, medications, and any hospital stays

Make sure to answer all questions accurately and completely to avoid delays in the process.

Step 6: Submit Your Application and Documents

Once you’ve completed the application, submit it along with any supporting documentation, such as:

• Medical records and doctor’s notes
• Work history records (for SSDI)
• Income and resource records (for SSI)

If you apply online, you may be able to upload some of your documents directly. If you apply by phone or in person, you may need to bring copies of your documents to the SSA office or mail them after your interview.

Step 7: Wait for a Decision

After you submit your application, the SSA will review it and make a decision. It may take several months to receive a response. During this time, the SSA will:

• Verify your work history (for SSDI)
• Review your medical records and may request additional information
• Assess whether your disability meets the SSA’s definition of disability

It’s important to be patient and to follow up if you haven’t heard back within a reasonable timeframe.

Step 8: Be Prepared for a Denial

Many disability applications are denied, especially on the first attempt. If your application is denied, don’t get discouraged. You have the right to appeal the decision. You can request a reconsideration or a hearing before an Administrative Law Judge (ALJ) to present additional evidence or clarify any issues.

It’s important to appeal within 60 days of receiving a denial notice. The process can be complicated, and working with a disability lawyer or advocate can increase your chances of success.

Step 9: Consider Getting Help from a Disability Lawyer

Although you are not required to hire a lawyer to apply for disability benefits in Texas, many applicants choose to work with a disability lawyer or advocate to help with the process. A lawyer can help:

• Gather the necessary medical evidence
• Ensure that your application is filled out correctly and completely
• Represent you during the appeals process if your claim is denied

While disability lawyers usually work on a contingency fee basis, meaning they only get paid if you win your case, they can significantly improve your chances of getting approved for benefits.