Step 1: Determine Which Disability Program You Qualify For

Before you start the application process, you need to determine whether you qualify for SSDI or SSI. The main difference is based on your work history and income:

• SSDI: For SSDI, you must have worked for a certain period of time and paid Social Security taxes. This program is available to individuals who have worked and contributed to Social Security but are now unable to work due to a disability.
• SSI: SSI is a needs-based program available to individuals who have limited income and resources, regardless of their work history. This program is available to low-income individuals, disabled individuals, or those aged 65 or older.

Step 2: Check if You Meet the Eligibility Requirements

Both SSDI and SSI require you to meet certain eligibility requirements. Some of the most important criteria include:

• Disability: Your medical condition must be severe enough to prevent you from performing substantial gainful activity (SGA) for at least 12 months or be expected to result in death.
• Age: For SSI, applicants must be 65 or older, or meet the disability or blindness criteria for those under age 65.
• Work History: For SSDI, you must have earned enough work credits, typically by working in jobs that were covered by Social Security taxes.

Step 3: Gather Your Medical Records

Before filing your application, make sure you gather all necessary medical records. The Social Security Administration (SSA) requires detailed medical evidence to support your disability claim, including:

• Doctor’s reports: These should explain your diagnosis, treatments, and limitations caused by your disability.
• Hospital records: Any records from inpatient or outpatient treatments should be collected.
• Lab results and imaging: If relevant to your case, make sure to include any diagnostic tests or imaging studies, such as X-rays or MRIs.

Having comprehensive and up-to-date medical records will be essential to the success of your application.

Step 4: How to File Your Disability Claim in Ohio

There are three primary ways to file for disability benefits in Ohio:

A. Apply Online

The easiest and fastest way to apply for SSDI or SSI benefits is through the SSA’s online portal:

• SSDI: You can apply for SSDI benefits online at www.ssa.gov.
• SSI: If you are applying for SSI, the online application process is also available through the same website. However, if you are applying for SSI as a child or if you have specific circumstances, you may need to call the SSA to apply.

B. Apply by Phone

If you prefer not to apply online, you can apply for disability benefits by calling the SSA at 1-800-772-1213. This number is available Monday through Friday from 7 a.m. to 7 p.m. If you are hearing impaired, you can use the TTY number at 1-800-325-0778.

C. Apply in Person

If you prefer to file in person, you can visit your local Social Security office. You can find the nearest Social Security office in Ohio by visiting the SSA office locator at https://www.ssa.gov/locator/.

Tip: It’s advisable to make an appointment before visiting to ensure that you’ll be able to meet with a representative at your convenience.

Step 5: Complete Your Disability Application

When filling out your application, be prepared to provide detailed information, including:

• Personal information: Full name, date of birth, Social Security number, and address.
• Work history: The names and contact information of past employers and details of your job duties.
• Medical information: Detailed records and information about your disability, including doctor visits, treatments, medications, and medical conditions.

You may also be required to answer questions about your work history, education, and any other resources that could affect your eligibility for benefits.

Step 6: Wait for the SSA’s Decision

After submitting your application, the SSA will review your claim, which may take several months. During this period, the SSA may:

• Request additional information: If there are missing details or documents, they may contact you.
• Schedule a medical evaluation: Sometimes, the SSA will ask you to attend a consultative examination (CE) with a doctor to gather more information about your medical condition.

Important: Many first-time applicants are denied at first, even if they have a legitimate claim. If this happens to you, don’t get discouraged — you can appeal the decision.

Step 7: Follow Up and Appeal if Necessary

If your application is denied, you can request a reconsideration of the decision or schedule a hearing with an Administrative Law Judge (ALJ). The appeals process can be complex, so it’s helpful to have legal assistance at this stage.