What Is SSDI?

SSDI provides monthly financial benefits to individuals who are unable to work due to a disability. It is different from Supplemental Security Income (SSI), which is based on financial need. SSDI is specifically for individuals who have a work history and have contributed to Social Security through payroll taxes over the years.

To be eligible for SSDI, you need to meet certain work and disability criteria. SSDI benefits are based on your average lifetime earnings, which means the amount you’ve paid into Social Security through your work history.

SSDI Eligibility Requirements

To qualify for SSDI, you must meet the following criteria:

• Work History: You must have worked and paid into the Social Security system through payroll taxes for a required number of years. The number of work credits you need depends on your age at the time of your disability.
• Medical Condition: Your disability must be severe enough to prevent you from performing substantial gainful activity (SGA) for at least 12 months, or the disability must be expected to result in death.
• Duration of Disability: Your disability must last at least 12 months or be expected to last for a prolonged period.

The SSA has a Listing of Impairments, which outlines medical conditions that may qualify for benefits if they meet specific criteria. If your condition is not on the list, the SSA will still evaluate whether your condition prevents you from working.

How Much Does SSDI Pay?

The amount you receive in SSDI benefits depends on your average lifetime earnings. The SSA calculates your benefit amount based on your work history and earnings record. The more you’ve earned and contributed to Social Security, the higher your monthly benefits will be.

The SSA uses a formula to determine your primary insurance amount (PIA), which is the amount you are eligible to receive each month. The exact amount varies, but on average, the benefits can range from $800 to $1,800 per month. However, this can be higher or lower depending on your work history and earnings.

How to Apply for SSDI

To apply for SSDI, you can:

• Apply Online: The fastest and easiest way to apply is through the SSA’s online portal at www.ssa.gov. The online application is simple and will guide you through the process.
• By Phone: You can apply by calling the SSA at 1-800-772-1213. A representative will walk you through the application process.
• In Person: You can also apply in person at your local Social Security office. Use the SSA office locator on their website to find the nearest office.

When applying, make sure to provide all necessary documents, such as your medical records, work history, and Social Security number.

The SSDI Review Process

Once you submit your application, the SSA will review your case to determine if you meet the eligibility criteria. The review process can take several months. Here’s what happens during the review:

• Initial Review: The SSA will examine your work history, medical records, and other supporting documents.
• Medical Evaluation: The SSA will assess your disability to determine if it meets the definition of disability under their guidelines.
• Decision: After reviewing all your documentation, the SSA will make a decision on your claim. If your claim is approved, you’ll start receiving monthly SSDI benefits. If your claim is denied, you have the right to appeal.

The SSDI Appeals Process

If your SSDI claim is denied, you can appeal the decision. The appeals process includes:

• Request for Reconsideration: If your claim is denied, you can request the SSA to reconsider their decision. The reconsideration will be reviewed by someone who was not involved in the original decision.
• Hearing Before an ALJ: If reconsideration is denied, you can request a hearing before an Administrative Law Judge (ALJ). This is an opportunity for you to present your case in person.
• Appeals Council: If the ALJ denies your claim, you can request a review by the Appeals Council. If necessary, further appeals can be made to a federal court.

Work and SSDI Benefits

If you are receiving SSDI benefits, you are allowed to work, but there are restrictions:

• Trial Work Period: You can attempt to return to work for a limited time without losing your SSDI benefits. During the trial work period, you can earn any amount for up to nine months.
• Substantial Gainful Activity (SGA): Once the trial period ends, the SSA will evaluate whether your earnings exceed the SGA level. If you earn more than the SGA threshold, your SSDI benefits may be stopped.