Steps to Apply for Disability in Arkansas

Step 1: Determine Eligibility for SSDI or SSI

Before applying, you need to determine whether you’re eligible for SSDI or SSI.

• SSDI: If you have worked for a certain number of years and paid Social Security taxes, you may qualify for SSDI.
• SSI: If you have limited income and resources, but not enough work history to qualify for SSDI, you may qualify for SSI. Both programs require that your disability prevents you from working for at least 12 months or results in death.

Step 2: Gather Your Documentation

To apply for disability benefits, you’ll need to gather the following documentation:

• Medical Records: Up-to-date records from your doctors that explain your condition and how it affects your ability to work.
• Work History: Information about your past employment, including job titles, duties, and dates of employment.
• Financial Information: If applying for SSI, you’ll need to provide documentation about your income and assets.

Step 3: Complete the Disability Application

You can apply for disability benefits online, by phone, or in person:

• Online: The easiest and fastest way to apply is through the Social Security Administration (SSA) website at www.ssa.gov. The online application is available 24/7 and walks you through the process step-by-step.
• By Phone: You can apply by calling the SSA at 1-800-772-1213 to start the application process over the phone.
• In-Person: You can also apply in person at your local SSA office. In Arkansas, there are multiple SSA field offices, including those in Little Rock, Fayetteville, and other major cities.

Step 4: Submit Your Supporting Documentation

When applying for disability, make sure you submit all necessary documentation, including:

• Medical Records: Copies of medical records and statements from your doctors explaining the severity of your condition.
• Work and Financial Records: Information about your work history and your financial situation if you’re applying for SSI.

Step 5: Understand the Five-Step Evaluation Process

The SSA evaluates disability claims through a five-step process:

• Step 1: Substantial Gainful Activity (SGA): If you’re working and earning more than a certain monthly amount, the SSA may decide you are not disabled.
• Step 2: Severe Condition: Your condition must significantly limit your ability to perform basic work tasks.
• Step 3: Listed Impairment: If your condition is on the SSA’s list of impairments, you may automatically qualify.
• Step 4: Past Work: The SSA will assess whether you can still do the work you did in the past.
• Step 5: Other Work: If you cannot do your past work, the SSA will determine if you can perform other types of work based on your age, education, and abilities.

Step 6: Follow Up and Stay Organized

Once your application is submitted, it’s important to follow up regularly:

• Create an SSA Online Account: This allows you to track the status of your application, receive updates, and view if more documentation is needed.
• Stay in Touch: Call the SSA at 1-800-772-1213 if you haven’t heard back after a reasonable period, or if you need assistance with the process.

Step 7: Be Prepared for a Possible Denial

It’s common for disability claims to be denied on the first attempt. If your claim is denied, you have the right to appeal the decision:

• Request Reconsideration: This is the first step in the appeals process, where the SSA reviews your claim again.
• Request a Hearing: If your reconsideration is denied, you can request a hearing before an Administrative Law Judge (ALJ). This is where you’ll have the opportunity to present your case in person.

Step 8: Consider Hiring a Disability Lawyer (Optional)

While it’s possible to apply for disability benefits on your own, you may want to consider hiring a disability lawyer to help with the process, especially if your claim is complex or if you are denied benefits and need to appeal.

• Lawyers typically work on a contingency fee basis, meaning they only get paid if you win your case.
• A lawyer can assist in gathering medical records, filing your claim, and representing you at hearings if needed.