Step 1: Understand the Eligibility Criteria

To be approved for Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI), you must meet certain eligibility requirements. These include:

• Work History: SSDI is for individuals who have worked in jobs that are covered by Social Security and paid into the system through taxes. Generally, you need to have earned enough work credits based on your age and the number of years you've worked.
• Disability: Your condition must meet the SSA’s definition of disability. This means that your condition must prevent you from doing substantial gainful work and be expected to last for at least 12 months or result in death.
• Severe Impairment: Your impairment must be severe enough to limit your ability to perform basic work tasks.

If you’re applying for Supplemental Security Income (SSI), which is a needs-based program, the eligibility requirements focus on low income and limited resources, and it’s not based on your work history.

Step 2: Gather Complete Medical Evidence

The most critical aspect of your SSDI or SSI application is medical evidence. You must provide documentation showing that your disability prevents you from working. Here’s what to do:

• Visit Your Doctors: Ensure that you regularly see your healthcare providers and keep all medical appointments. These visits will create a paper trail of your condition and treatment.
• Request Detailed Medical Records: Obtain your doctor’s notes, test results, hospital records, and any other relevant documents that show the extent of your condition.
• Get an Opinion from Your Doctor: A letter from your treating physician explaining how your condition affects your ability to work can make a significant difference in your application. The more specific and detailed this letter is, the better.
• Include Records from Specialists: If you see specialists, be sure to include their medical records as well. This helps demonstrate that you are receiving comprehensive care.

Step 3: Apply as Soon as Possible

Delaying your application can have negative consequences, especially if you’ve been disabled for an extended period. The sooner you apply, the sooner the SSA will begin reviewing your case. Here's how you can apply:

• Online: The easiest way to apply is through the SSA’s online portal at www.ssa.gov. Follow the prompts carefully and fill out the application completely.
• In Person or by Phone: If you prefer not to apply online, you can apply by calling the SSA at 1-800-772-1213 or visiting your local SSA office. This may take longer, so online applications are often more efficient.

Step 4: Provide Accurate and Complete Information

When filling out your application, it’s essential to be as detailed and honest as possible. Make sure to:

• Describe your condition thoroughly: Explain how your disability affects your daily life, your ability to work, and your ability to perform regular tasks.
• List your work history: Include details about your past work, such as job titles, duties, and dates of employment. Be thorough in explaining how your disability impacts your ability to perform the tasks required by your job.
• Disclose all income and resources: If you're applying for SSI, the SSA needs a full picture of your income and resources, including assets, income, and other financial support.

Mistakes or omissions can delay your application or lead to a denial, so take your time and ensure all the information is accurate.

Step 5: Follow the SSA’s Five-Step Evaluation Process

The SSA uses a five-step process to determine if you are eligible for disability benefits:

• Step 1: Are You Working?: If you are working and earning above a certain amount, the SSA will likely determine that you are not disabled.
• Step 2: Is Your Condition Severe?: Your condition must be severe enough to interfere with your ability to do basic work-related tasks.
• Step 3: Is Your Condition on the SSA’s List of Impairments?: If your condition is on the SSA’s “Listing of Impairments,” you may be approved for benefits right away.
• Step 4: Can You Do Your Past Work?: The SSA will consider whether you can still do your previous job. If you cannot, they will proceed to the next step.
• Step 5: Can You Do Other Work?: If you cannot perform your past work, the SSA will determine if you can do any other type of work considering your skills, education, and age.
  

You must provide enough evidence to meet the SSA’s definition of disability at each of these steps.

Step 6: Be Prepared for a Denial

It’s not uncommon for initial disability applications to be denied. If your claim is denied, don’t get discouraged. You have the right to appeal the decision, and many applicants are approved after the appeals process. Here are your options if your claim is denied:

• Request Reconsideration: This is the first level of appeal, where the SSA reviews your case again.
• Request a Hearing: If reconsideration doesn’t work, you can request a hearing with an Administrative Law Judge (ALJ). This is an important stage where you can present additional evidence and argue your case.
• Further Appeals: If necessary, you can take your case to the Appeals Council or even federal court.

Step 7: Stay Organized and Follow Up

After submitting your application, it’s important to stay organized and keep track of your application’s progress. Create an SSA online account to check the status of your claim and respond quickly if additional information is requested.

Step 8: Consider Legal Help if Necessary

While you can apply for SSDI or SSI on your own, having an experienced disability attorney can increase your chances of success. A lawyer can help you:

• Navigate the application process and ensure all necessary documentation is provided.
• Handle any issues that arise, including denials and appeals.
• Represent you during hearings with an Administrative Law Judge (ALJ).