Understand the Eligibility Requirements

Before applying for disability, it’s important to know if you meet the eligibility criteria. The Social Security Administration (SSA) offers two main programs for disability benefits:

• Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI): This program is for individuals who have worked and paid into Social Security for a certain number of years and now have a medical condition that prevents them from working.
• Supplemental Security Income (SSI): SSI is for individuals with low income and limited resources who are disabled, blind, or over the age of 65. It does not require a work history.

For both programs, you must show that your disability prevents you from performing substantial gainful activity (SGA) and will last at least 12 months  or result in death.

Do You Meet the SSA’s Definition of Disability?

The SSA defines disability as a condition that:

• Prevents you from doing any substantial work.
• Has lasted or is expected to last for at least 12 months.
• Is severe enough to limit your ability to perform basic work-related activities.

If you have a medical condition that meets these criteria and it significantly impairs your ability to work, applying for disability might be the right choice.

Assess Your Work History and Financial Situation

Your decision to apply for disability may depend on whether you meet the work history requirements for SSDI or the financial eligibility for SSI. Here’s what to consider:

• SSDI: You must have worked and paid Social Security taxes for a certain number of years. This is typically referred to as “work credits.” The number of credits you need depends on your age at the time of disability.
• SSI: SSI is need-based, meaning your financial resources must fall below certain limits. You don’t need a work history to qualify for SSI, but you do need to meet income and asset limits.

If you are unsure about your eligibility, it can be helpful to check with the SSA or consult a disability professional.

Consider Your Financial Needs

If you are unable to work due to a disability, applying for disability benefits can provide crucial financial support. Disability benefits can help cover living expenses, medical costs, and other essential needs. However, it's important to consider:

• The application process can take time, and many claims are initially denied.
• You may have to go through the appeals process, which can further delay the receipt of benefits.

Before applying, consider how long you can manage without income and whether you can afford to wait for the application to be processed.

Be Prepared for a Long Process

The application and approval process for disability benefits can be lengthy and stressful. On average, the SSA takes several months to process a disability claim. Additionally:

• Many claims are denied initially. If you’re denied, you have the right to appeal, but the process can take even longer.
• Gathering the required medical documentation and submitting a comprehensive application can be time-consuming.

If you are facing financial difficulties or need assistance with your application, it might be helpful to consult with a disability attorney or advocate who can guide you through the process.

Do You Have Supporting Medical Evidence?

One of the most critical components of a successful disability claim is strong medical evidence. If you have a documented medical history that clearly shows your condition prevents you from working, this will greatly support your claim. Consider the following:

• Do you have up-to-date medical records, such as doctor’s notes, lab results, or imaging?
• Do you have statements from your doctors outlining how your disability affects your ability to perform daily tasks and work activities?

If you don’t have medical evidence that strongly supports your case, it may be worth considering whether applying is the right choice.

How Does Your Disability Affect Your Daily Life?

In addition to medical evidence, the SSA will look at how your disability impacts your day-to-day life. Consider whether:

• You have difficulty performing basic tasks, such as walking, lifting, or concentrating.
• Your condition affects your ability to complete tasks at home, such as personal care or household chores.
• Your disability prevents you from socializing, working, or engaging in regular activities.

If your disability significantly limits your functioning in these areas, applying for disability may be the appropriate step.

Talk to a Professional About Your Case

If you're unsure whether you should apply for disability, it can be helpful to talk to a disability professional, such as a disability lawyer or advocate. These professionals can provide valuable advice, help you understand the process, and assess your chances of success.