What is SSI?

Supplemental Security Income (SSI) is a needs-based program administered by the Social Security Administration (SSA). Unlike Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI), which requires you to have worked and paid Social Security taxes, SSI is intended for individuals who have limited income and resources. It provides monthly payments to help cover basic living expenses like food, clothing, and shelter.

Eligibility Requirements for SSI

Before applying, it’s essential to understand the eligibility criteria for SSI. You may qualify if:

• You are disabled, blind, or age 65 or older: SSI is available to individuals with a disability or blindness that prevents them from working, or to seniors aged 65 and older who meet the income and resource requirements.
• You have limited income: SSI is a needs-based program, so your income must be below a certain threshold. This includes income from work, as well as other sources such as pensions, unemployment benefits, and alimony.
• You have limited resources: You must have limited assets. In general, the SSA counts resources such as cash, bank accounts, and property. The resource limit is typically $2,000 for an individual and $3,000 for a couple.
• You are a U.S. citizen or a qualified alien: You must be a U.S. citizen or meet certain immigration status requirements to qualify for SSI benefits.

When Should You Apply for SSI?

Here are a few scenarios where you may want to consider applying for SSI:

• You have a disability that prevents you from working: If you are unable to work due to a medical condition or disability, SSI can help support you financially while you are unable to work. This includes both physical and mental health conditions that severely impact your ability to engage in substantial work.
• You are elderly and have limited income: SSI is also available to seniors 65 and older who have limited financial resources. If you don’t have enough income from work or retirement savings, applying for SSI could help you cover basic needs.
• You have no work history: If you haven’t worked enough to qualify for Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI), you may still qualify for SSI if you meet the income and resource requirements.
• You need immediate financial support: If you are in urgent financial need and don’t have enough resources to cover basic living expenses, SSI can provide immediate assistance.

How Much Can You Receive in SSI Benefits?

The amount of SSI benefits you can receive varies depending on your situation. In 2025, the federal SSI payment is $914 per month for an eligible individual and $1,371 per month for an eligible couple. However, your monthly SSI payment may be lower if you have other income or live in certain states where the benefit amount is higher than the federal minimum.

It’s important to remember that SSI is meant to cover basic living expenses, not to provide a comfortable income. If you are able to work part-time or have additional financial resources, your SSI benefit amount may be reduced.

Pros and Cons of Applying for SSI

Pros:

• Financial support for low-income individuals: SSI provides a stable source of income for individuals with limited financial resources who are unable to work due to a disability or old age.
• Eligibility for Medicaid: In most states, if you qualify for SSI, you will also be eligible for Medicaid, which provides low-cost or free healthcare coverage. This can be especially helpful if you have medical needs related to your disability.
• No work history required: Unlike SSDI, you don’t need a work history to qualify for SSI. As long as you meet the income and resource requirements, you can receive SSI benefits regardless of past employment.

Cons:

• Income and resource limits: SSI has strict income and resource limits, which means you must be financially needy to qualify. If you have significant assets or income, you may not be eligible.
• Low benefit amounts: SSI payments are often lower than what you might receive through SSDI, and may not be enough to cover all of your living expenses.
• The application process can be complex: Applying for SSI can be a lengthy process, and there is a significant amount of paperwork involved. Some applicants face delays or denials, requiring them to appeal.

How to Apply for SSI

If you think you may qualify for SSI, here’s how to apply:

• Apply online: The easiest way to apply for SSI is through the Social Security Administration’s website at www.ssa.gov. The online application will guide you through the process and help you submit the necessary information.
• Apply by phone: You can also apply for SSI by calling the SSA at 1-800-772-1213. A representative will help you through the application process and schedule a time for you to complete any required forms.
• Apply in person: If you prefer to apply in person, you can visit your local SSA office. You can find the nearest office using the SSA’s office locator tool on their website.

When applying, be sure to have all necessary documents ready, including your Social Security number, birth certificate, income information, medical records, and any other documents that demonstrate your financial situation and disability.