Key Functions of the SSA

Administers Social Security Programs:

• The SSA oversees programs such as retirement benefits, disability benefits, and survivors’ benefits. These programs provide financial assistance to individuals who are retired, disabled, or unable to work due to illness or injury.

Manages SSI (Supplemental Security Income):

• In addition to retirement and disability benefits, the SSA also manages SSI, a need-based program for individuals with limited income and resources. It helps people who are aged, blind, or disabled, and who do not have sufficient work history to qualify for SSDI.

Retirement Benefits:

• The SSA administers Social Security retirement benefits, which workers are entitled to after reaching the full retirement age (usually 66 or 67). These benefits are based on the worker's earnings history and the number of years they paid into the Social Security system through payroll taxes.

Disability Insurance (SSDI):

• The SSA is also responsible for SSDI, a program that provides benefits to individuals who have worked and paid into Social Security but are unable to work due to a severe, long-term disability.

Survivor Benefits:

• The SSA provides benefits to family members of deceased workers. These benefits can include payments to spouses, children, and dependent parents.

Maintain Records and Data:

• The SSA manages and maintains records for every working American, tracking earnings history, social security numbers, and contributions made to the Social Security system. This data is used to calculate benefits.

Provide Social Security Numbers (SSNs):

• The SSA issues Social Security numbers (SSNs), which are used to track individuals’ earnings and determine eligibility for benefits. SSNs are also used for various government services and identification purposes.

How the SSA Works

The SSA functions by collecting payroll taxes through the Federal Insurance Contributions Act (FICA). These taxes are paid by workers and employers, and they fund programs like Social Security retirement, disability, and survivors’ benefits. The SSA uses this funding to provide monthly benefits to eligible individuals.

The SSA uses a formula based on an individual’s earnings history to determine how much they will receive in retirement or disability benefits. When someone applies for Social Security benefits, whether for retirement or disability, the SSA reviews their work history and medical records (for disability claims) to assess eligibility and calculate benefit amounts.

How to Contact the SSA

If you need assistance with applying for benefits, checking your benefits status, or if you have questions about your eligibility, you can contact the Social Security Administration through the following ways:

• Online: Visit the SSA’s official website at www.ssa.gov for a wide range of services, including applying for benefits, tracking your application status, and getting information on specific programs.
• Phone: You can contact the SSA toll-free at 1-800-772-1213. TTY users can call 1-800-325-0778.
• In Person: You can visit your local Social Security office. Use the SSA’s office locator to find the nearest office.