What is the difference between SSA and SSI?
By Hogan Smith
Updated 02/19/2025
While SSA and SSI sound similar, they refer to different aspects of the Social Security system. SSA stands for the Social Security Administration, which is the U.S. government agency responsible for managing Social Security benefits. SSI, or Supplemental Security Income, is one of the programs administered by the SSA to provide financial assistance to individuals with disabilities, the elderly, or those with limited income and resources. Understanding the distinction between the two is crucial for anyone seeking benefits or assistance from the Social Security system. Here’s a breakdown of the key differences.
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What Is the SSA?
The Social Security Administration (SSA) is a federal agency responsible for overseeing several Social Security programs, including:
- Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI): Provides benefits to individuals who have worked and paid into Social Security but are now unable to work due to a disability.
- Retirement Benefits: Provides income to individuals who have reached retirement age.
- Medicare: Provides health insurance for individuals aged 65 or older and certain younger individuals with disabilities.
The SSA handles the administration of these programs, ensuring that eligible individuals receive the benefits they’re entitled to based on their work history, age, or disability status.
What Is SSI?
SSI (Supplemental Security Income) is a needs-based program that provides financial assistance to individuals who are:
- Disabled: If you have a disability that prevents you from working.
- Elderly: If you are 65 or older.
- Low-Income and Limited Resources: If you have limited income or resources (such as savings, property, or assets).
Unlike other Social Security programs, SSI does not require a work history or the need to have paid into the Social Security system. This makes SSI accessible to people who have not worked enough to qualify for SSDI or have limited resources, such as children with disabilities or low-income elderly individuals.
Key Differences Between SSA and SSI
Here’s a comparison of the most important differences between SSA (Social Security Administration) and SSI (Supplemental Security Income):
| Feature | SSA (Social Security Administration) | SSI (Supplemental Security Income) |
|---|---|---|
| Definition | Federal agency that administers Social Security programs. | Needs-based financial assistance program for low-income individuals with disabilities or who are elderly. |
| Eligibility | Based on work history, age, or disability. | Based on limited income and resources, regardless of work history. |
| Work History Requirement | Required for SSDI (must have paid into Social Security). | Not required for SSI. |
| Income and Resource Limits | Not applicable (for SSDI). | Strict income and resource limits for SSI. |
| Disability Requirement | Must be unable to work due to disability (for SSDI). | Must be disabled, elderly, or have limited income/resources. |
| Monthly Payments | SSDI payments depend on your earnings history. | SSI payments are fixed based on income and resources. |
How Are SSA and SSI Related?
Although SSA and SSI are distinct, they are connected because the SSA is the agency that manages the SSI program. Essentially, the SSA administers all Social Security programs, including SSI, SSDI, Medicare, and retirement benefits. If you are applying for SSI, you will deal directly with the SSA to submit your application, provide medical records, and receive your benefits if approved.
How to Apply for SSDI or SSI Through SSA
To apply for SSDI or SSI, you must go through the SSA. Here are the steps to apply for each:
SSDI Application:
- Go to the SSA’s website at www.ssa.gov and complete the SSDI application online.
- Provide your work history and any medical records showing how your disability prevents you from working.
SSI Application:
- You can apply for SSI online through the SSA’s website if you meet the eligibility requirements.
- Alternatively, you can apply in person at your local SSA office or over the phone.
Which Program Is Right for You?
The right program for you depends on your situation:
- If you have worked and paid into Social Security, you may be eligible for SSDI benefits if you are disabled.
- If you have limited income or resources, and you are either disabled or 65 or older, you may qualify for SSI.
If you qualify for both SSDI and SSI, you may receive both benefits, though your SSI payments may be reduced if you are receiving SSDI benefits.
Can You Be Eligible for Both SSA and SSI?
Yes, in some cases, you may be eligible for both SSDI and SSI benefits. This is known as concurrent benefits. If you receive SSDI but your monthly income is still below the SSI limits, you may receive an additional SSI benefit to bring your total monthly payment up to the federal benefit rate.
How Hogan Smith Can Help
At Hogan Smith, we can assist you in understanding the difference between SSA and SSI, helping you apply for the appropriate benefits based on your needs. Whether you’re applying for SSDI, SSI, or both, our experienced team can guide you through the application process, ensuring that all required documentation is submitted, and helping you appeal any denials.
Contact Hogan Smith Today
If you need help understanding SSA and SSI, or need assistance with applying for benefits, Hogan Smith is here to support you. Contact us today for a free consultation, and we’ll make sure you’re on the right track to getting the financial support you deserve.
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