Step 1: Determine Which Program You Qualify For (SSDI or SSI)

The first step is to determine which program you are eligible for:

• SSDI (Social Security Disability Insurance): SSDI is available to individuals who have worked in jobs where they paid Social Security taxes. To qualify for SSDI, you must have a disability that prevents you from working for at least a year or results in death. The number of work credits required varies by age.
• SSI (Supplemental Security Income): SSI is a need-based program for individuals who are disabled, blind, or 65 years or older and have limited income and resources. Unlike SSDI, work history is not a factor for SSI eligibility.

In Massachusetts, you can apply for either SSDI or SSI depending on your eligibility based on work history or income/resources.

Step 2: Gather the Required Documents

Before you apply, make sure you have all the necessary documents to support your claim:

• Medical records: Detailed records from your doctor(s) showing the diagnosis, treatment, and how your disability impacts your ability to work.
• Work history (for SSDI applicants): Pay stubs, W-2 forms, or other employment records to prove you’ve worked and contributed to Social Security.
• Proof of identity: Your Social Security number, birth certificate, or passport.
• Financial information (for SSI applicants): Bank statements, tax returns, and other proof of income and assets.

Having your documents ready will streamline the application process and reduce delays.

Step 3: Complete the Application

Once you have gathered the necessary documents, you can apply for disability benefits. Here are the options for applying in Massachusetts:

Online Application

• The fastest way to apply is by visiting the Social Security Administration (SSA) website at www.ssa.gov.
• Complete the application directly on the website. The online process is available for both SSDI and SSI applications.
• The SSA will guide you through each step, including questions about your medical condition, work history (for SSDI), and income (for SSI).

Phone Application

• If you prefer to apply by phone, you can contact the SSA’s toll-free number at 1-800-772-1213. You will be connected with a representative who will assist you through the application process.

In-Person Application

• You can also apply in person at your local Social Security office in Massachusetts. To find the nearest SSA office, you can use the SSA’s office locator tool on their website.
• Staff at the SSA office can help you complete the application and answer any questions you may have.

Step 4: Wait for SSA’s Decision

After submitting your application, the SSA will review your case. The review process may take several months. During this time, the SSA will:

• Review your medical records to ensure your disability meets their definition of disability.
• Evaluate your work history (for SSDI applicants) or financial resources (for SSI applicants) to determine your eligibility.
• Contact your doctors or other relevant parties if additional information is needed.

If the SSA approves your claim, they will send you a notice with details about your benefit amount and when you can expect to start receiving payments. If your claim is denied, you have the option to appeal the decision.

Step 5: Appeal a Denied Claim

If your disability claim is denied, you have the right to appeal the decision. Many claims are initially denied, but you can request a reconsideration and then move to the next steps in the appeal process, which include:

• Reconsideration: The SSA will review your case again with any additional evidence you provide.
• Hearing before an Administrative Law Judge (ALJ): If reconsideration is denied, you can request a hearing where you can present your case in person to an ALJ.
• Appeals Council: If the ALJ denies your claim, you can appeal to the SSA’s Appeals Council.
• Federal Court: If all other options are exhausted, you can take your case to federal court.

Having an attorney to assist with your appeal can significantly increase your chances of success.

Step 6: Utilize Massachusetts Disability Resources

In addition to the SSA application process, Massachusetts offers local resources to assist with the disability application process. These resources include:

• Massachusetts Rehabilitation Commission (MRC): The MRC provides assistance to individuals with disabilities, including vocational services and help with applying for disability benefits.
• Legal Aid and Advocacy Services: If you need legal assistance or representation, there are nonprofit organizations in Massachusetts that offer free or low-cost legal services for individuals applying for disability benefits.
• Disability Determination Services (DDS): This state agency works with the SSA to help make disability determinations in Massachusetts.

The team at Hogan Smith can also assist you in navigating the application process, ensuring that you have the support you need from start to finish.